Also the forests have abundant microorganisms and fungi, which do. Some are easy to figure out fruits, paper and wood from trees, and so on. All the resources of the forest reserves are for use, and this use must be brought about in a thoroughly prompt and businesslike manner, under such restrictions only as will insure the permanence of these resources. The history of the exploitation of forest is as old as man himself but during older times, the exploitation was balanced through natural growth of forest because at that time, exploitation was only for personal and community uses. Applications of cbnrm are as diverse as the reasons for its inception. Our results suggest that societal values, in particular, are key to understanding the local resource use underlying the forest transition in yunnan.
Timber is also a raw material for preparation of paper, rayon and film. To conserve forest, following steps should be taken. Archaeobotanical outcomes stressed the variety of forest. Safety is a core value of the forest products industry. The tpz district is intended to be an exclusive area for the growing and harvesting of timber and those uses that are. Give the classification of forests and discuss the effects of deforestation on society. But in recent year, depletion of forest has been on a large scale. Multipleuse forest management in the humid tropics.
Environmental studies land resources tutorialspoint. Local consumptive use food like roots, fruits, tubers, fish, mushrooms, animal meat e. These resources are not capable of being regenerated by ecological processes. Despite the growth of agriculture and the consumption of forestry resources, these. Table 3 value of annual timber removals in wisconsin, in millions pdf map 1 forest legacy area boundaries pdf map 2 the north forest legacy area pdf map 3 seasonal homes per total homes pdf map 4 the west central region forest legacy area pdf map 5 the baraboo hills forest legacy area pdf map 6 the kettle moraines. Sustainable forest management, biodiversity and livelihoods. Decay on the forest floor forms new soil and provides nutrients to the plants. The forest law covers the management and use of religious forests, leasehold forests, government managed forests and protected forests. While we are losing forest resources at a high rate globally, afforestation efforts are made in some regions to offset this adverse effect. Please note that many of these laws are in russian only, where possible a link to an english language summary has been provided.
How we estimate and project future forest resource characteristics is both a practical and a conceptual data management challenge. Forests play an important role in maintaining the watersheds 27. Whether its workers in the mill, truck drivers hauling fiber, or loggers harvesting trees, we should make every effort to ensure that work environments are safe and that good, safety first, decisions are being made by owners and employees. They present national averages that may conceal important variations among forests. The controlled use of forest resources at a rate that allows forests to renew themselves is called sustained yield forest management.
It must be recognized that the protective role of forests is operative and has a major impact on urban water resources 26. In recent years, canadas actual harvest has been 44 per cent of annual growth, while. Washington association of conservation districts wacd. Productive functions of forest resources overview forests, other wooded land and trees outside forests provide a wide range of wood and nonwood forest products. Pdf multiple uses of forest resources in small and. Uses of forest the functions of forest may broadly classified into following categories local consumptive use productive or market use ecosystem services other uses 16. From the 18th century, scientific forest management systems were engaged to regenerate and yield the forest resources in india to make it sustainable. One of the important renewable natural resource on earth. Timber obtained from the forest can used to make plywood, board, doors and windows, furniture, and agriculture implements and sports goods.
They gradually became food growers, clearing a small patch in the forest to grow food. Theory, concepts, and management institutions 3 figure 1in the northwest forest plan, the diminishing extent of oldgrowth forests in the region has raised concerns whether these forests can be sustained and restored. Forest resource management involves much more than planting trees or cutting them down. The high rate of extraction of forest products in brazil relates at least partly, of course, to the countrys. State laws and growth management planning may affect forest ecosystems at a state level see chapter 4. Federal laws, such as the endangered species act or the clean water act, may impact the whole southern region. The challenge for environmental management david pimentel, x. Economic and social contributions article pdf available in african journal of agricultural research 1141. Pdf multiple uses of forest resources in small and medium. Multiple uses of forest resources in small and medium farms in the tropics. The contribution of forest resources in protecting watershed and irrigation. The role of the community in the management of forests in. When it was standing, a tree provides habitat for animals, offers shade to streams, and pulls carbon out of the air. A century ago, a large area of forests disappeared worldwide, because timber production was the major goal for forest resource management during that time, and only a few people were concerned about the sustainability of forest resources.
The fertility of the soil increases due to the humus which is formed by the decay of forest litter. All these activities directly or indirectly involve forests. Our partners in serving nonindustrial forestland owners. Conservation of forest is a national problem, thus it should be tackled with perfect coordination between concerned government departments. Lumber lumber can be used for several different purposes, such as paper, firewood, houses, airplanes, cars and even clothes. Sustainable use of forest resources by angelika stoll cloudbridge nature reserve costa rica 1. Forest resources the word forest is derived from a latin word foris means outside forest are one of the most important natural resources of the earth. Forests provide an array of benefits to human societies above and beyond their pivotal roles as habitat and environmental regulators in natural ecosystems. These benefits are often described as resources that people can draw upon for fuel, lumber, and recreational or commercial purposes. Forest resources article about forest resources by the.
Describe in detail types of forest resources and what are problems created by deforestations in india. Understory is made up of bushes, shrubs, and young trees that are adapted to living in the shades of the canopy. Forests prevent soil erosion by binding the soil with the network of roots of the different plants and reduce the velocity of wind and rain which are the chief agents causing erosion. The area is located on the west side of the talamanca mountains between 1. Pimentel introduction a h e a l t h y and prudently managed environment is a major benefit to humans and other species. Importance of forest resources in india during the early 1990s about 17% of forest resources in india land were dense forestland. The word forest is derived from the latin word foris means outside may be the reference was to a village boundary or fence separating the village and the forest land. As that tree is made into wood products, it not only helps builds the places we live, work and play, but it holds onto all of that carbon it captured from the air, and locks it. Jun 02, 2015 forest provide fuel, wood, timber, wildlife, habitat, industrial, forest products, climate regulations, medicinal etc. In nepal, community forest is a resource of primary importance. Over the past 25 years, global carbon stocks in forest biomass have decreased by almost 11 gigatonnes gt. Ii food, forage and medicinal resources of forests turner nancy j. Natural resources are the source which are useful to man or it can be transformed into a. Forest resource managers must combat insects, disease, and the threat of wildfire, all within the federal.
This paper exposes some of the indigenous knowledge systems iks that have been practised. A single rotation forest model unlike the fishery, or like typical production functions, one cannot harvest incremental growth. In spite of the consequences of forest degradation and biodiversity loss and reliance of communities on forests livelihoods, there is little empirical data on the role of forest resources. Fao global forest resources assessment 2010, fao forestry paper 163, rome 2010. The perception that forests provide resources for people has been a prominent factor in spurring efforts to preserve forests. Use and overutilization of surface and ground water, floods, drought, conflicts over water, damsbenefits and problems. Canada ranks 2nd out of 17 peer countries for the intensity of use of forest resources actual harvest as a per cent of annual growth indicator and receives an a grade for performance. Forest fire in india is around 3 million hectare per year with a loss of forest cover valuing around rs 440 crores. Thats why its very important for communities and user groups to learn about forest management.
Important questions describe types of forest resources and their uses and overuses and effects of that activity of human. Washington conservation commission wcc commission directory. Things to consider in forest management the forest can be managed for various objectives. Apart from their direct uses described above, the forests are of immense use to man indirectly also. In addition, the data of special surveys and estimates are used for taking stock of and describing nontimber forest resources and assessing various useful properties of the forests. Even today man is dependent on the forest for herbs and plants to fight against disease. Forests in kenya are threatened by unsustainable uses and conversion to alternative land uses. Forests, other wooded land and trees outside forests provide a wide range of wood and nonwood forest products. Conservation and use of natural resources biology 187 notes module 4 environment and health intext questions 26. Pdf precolumbian uses of forest resources in funerary.
The forest resources refers to a term that is associated with the resources that are found in a given forest, some of the forest resources includes the wild animals, water, wildlife, timber. Use and overexploitation, deforestation, timber extraction, mining, dams and their effects on forests and tribal people. Forest lands are also used for agriculture and grazing. One of the categories of materials considered in this analysis is biomass, whose subcategories include primary crops, crop residues, grazed biomass and wood. Forest managers and scientists are working to find a balance to ensure longterm forest sustainability in oregon. Of the nontimber resources of the forest lands of the ussr that are the object of secondary uses, feed resources, represented by vast hayfields and pastures, are of the greatest importance. Leaves, bark, and other parts of many other trees also have medicinal value and are used to make various ayurvedic medicines. The productive function of forest resources is a traditional thematic element and one of the main objectives of forest resources assessments. In india, forests form 23 percent of the total land area. Over 2 billion people rely on forests forests provide us with shelter, livelihoods, water, food and fuel security. Forest resources article about forest resources by the free. Forest resources and their uses use page 309 to 321 to answer the following questions. They were food gatherers and depended on the forest for all their needs. Forest floor contains decomposing leaves, animal droppings, and dead trees.
Impact of a growing population on natural resources. The main objective of managing community forest is often to sustainably provide for the needs of firewood, fodder, timber, etc. These indicators give insights into quantitative aspects of forest resources. But they continued to depend on forests to meet a lot of their needs. How societal values determine the local use of forest resources. This reduction has been mainly driven by conversion to other land uses and to a lesser extent by forest degradation. In the forests you will find a variety of different resources.
Forest management an overview sciencedirect topics. This video is part of ofris forest fact breaks series, which uses bold animated graphics, sound effects and narration to teach about natural resource topics in a fun, easytounderstand way. Use of forest resources conference board of canada. The forest resources assessment fra working paper series is designed to reflect the activities and progress of the fra. The national forest policy has recommended 33 % forest area for plains and 67 % for hills the deforestation rate per unit population in india is lowest among the major tropical countries for effective forest management of country we have to take the confidence of tribal who have been living in forest. The southern wildlandurban interface assessment managing forests under change as rural land is converted to urban uses, the ways in which nearby private and public forests are valued and managed change a great deal. Approximately rd of the earths total area is covered by forests. Natural resources forests introduction a forest is a complex ecosystem which is predominantly composed of trees, shrubs and is usually a closed canopy. Trees serve so many uses both in the forest and out.
Encyclopedia of life support systems eolss figure 2. Services provided by forests cover a wide range of ecological, political, economic, social and cultural considerations and processes. The pressure on indias forest come from a variety of sources, includingthe increase in population, from 390 million in 1950 to 1 billion in 2001, the loss of the 4. Evans and cronkleton 2008 states that for forest managers, sustainability and managing a particular forest means determining, in a tangible way, how to use it today to ensure similar benefits health and productivity tomorrow and in future. The natural resources may be defined as any material given to us by nature which can be transformed in a way that it becomes more valuable and useful. Apr 25, 2017 natural resources ppt pdf free to download.
Management of private forest may, for example, be for the maximum output of good quality timber. Although the sustainable use of forest resources in forest ecosystem management has been debated continuously, it is still an important strategy for forest. In 1985, food and agriculture organization of the united nations fao published a work addressing multiple uses of forests in the tropics. In regard to the extraction of forest resources, the figure for brazil in 2005 was 290 million m3 of which an estimated 58% consisted of timber for industrial use, with much of the remainder consisting of firewood unep, 2010. All life on earth obtains its food and other necessities from this environment. Forest can provide food, fibre, edible oils and drugs. Applications of communitybased natural resource management projects. Forest management and planning requires information that describes the current state of forests as well as alternative future states of forests.
The forest floor supports ferns, grasses, mushroom and tree seedlings. Of all the medicinal trees found in india, the neem is the most important. Forests climate change, biodiversity and land degradation. Management and conservation of forest resources in the interface are further challenged by scale. Forests are storehouses of a large variety of life forms such as plants, mammals, birds, insects and reptiles etc. Importance of forest to human life 10 points on uses and.
Hence, it is high time to rationalize land use planning in the country and put in order the national laws on land uses such as prime agricultural land, agrarian reform, protected areas, ancestral domain, fisheries, forestry, mining and housing that are sector specific. The country may use another threshold value than 2 mm for fine roots, but in. Identify the mistake and write the correct statement below each. Indigenous knowledge systems and environmental management. People began life on this planet as forest dwellers. In recent years, canadas actual harvest has been 44 per cent of annual growth, while the oecd average has been 56 per cent. Hundreds of more precise definitions of forest are used throughout the world, incorporating factors such as tree density, tree height, land use, legal standing and ecological function. The federal forestry agency of the russian federation is responsible for forest policy, formulation and legal regulation in regards to the conservation, regeneration and utilization of forests. Abies grandis grand fir an ingredient in 10barks medicine and other traditional medicines of northwest coast first nations of canada. Pdf multiple uses of forest resources in small and medium farms.
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